بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
وعن السدي الصغير، عن الكلبي، عن أبي صالح، عن ابن عباس، أن معاذ بن جبل وثعلبة بن علمة قالا : يا رَسُول الله ما بَالُ الهلال يبدو أو يطلع دقيقاً مثل الخيط، ثم يزيد حتَّى يَعْظُم ويستوي ويستدير ، ثم لا يزال ينقص ويدق حتى يعود كما كان، لا يكون على حال واحد؟ فنزلت : يَسْتَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْأَهِلَّةِ
From al-Suddī al-Saghīr > al-Kalbī > Abū Sālih > Ibn ‘Abbās, that Mu’ādh ibn Jabal and Tha’labah ibn ‘Alqamah said: O Messenger of Allāh, what is the matter with the crescent (al-hilāl) that it appears or rises thin like a thread, then increases until it grows large, becomes straight and round, then continues to decrease and thin until it returns as it was, not remaining in one state? So (the verse) was revealed: “They ask you about the new moons (al-ahillah) (2:189).”
(Asbāb al-Nuzūl by al-Wāhīdī p. 50, and al-‘Ujāb: 1/454, and al-Bāb al-Nuqūl p. 35, and Tashīl al-Wusūl, p. 41. Al-Suyūtī attributed it to Abū Nu’aym and Ibn ‘Asākir, and it is in Tārīkh Dimashq: 1/25, and al-Wāhidī also narrated it from al-Kalbī and did not mention Abū Sālih nor Ibn ‘Abbās in the chain)
Al-Suddī al-Saghīr
Mujammad ibn Marwān ibn ‘Abd Allāh ibn Ismā’īl, al-Suddī, and he is: al-Asghar (the Younger), Kūfī (from Kūfah), accused of lying, from the eighth (class of narrators) – Taqrīb of Ibn Hajr #7073.
Ibn Ma’īn said: “He is not trustworthy (thiqah).” Abū Hātim said: “Gone/wasted in hadīth (dhāhib al-hadīth) [i.e. term related to criticism of the narrator meaning, The hadīth of people of these ranks is not suitable for being used as proof nor for corroboration], abandoned in hadīth (matrūk al-hadīth), his hadīth should not be written at all.” Ibn ‘Adī said: “The weakness in his narrations is evident.” Al-Jawzajānī said: “Gone/wasted in hadīth (dhāhib al-hadīth).” Ibn Hibbān said: “It is not permissible to write his hadīth except for corroboration and he cannot be used as proof.” al-Bukhārī said: “His hadīth is not to be written down at all.” ((Jāmi’ Likutub al-Du’afā wal-Matrukīn wal-Kādhibīn #12448)
Al-Kalbī
Muhammad ibn al-Sā’ib ibn Bishr al-Kalbī, Abū al-Nadr al-Kūfī, the genealogist, the exegete (of the Qur’ān), accused of lying, and accused of al-rafd (Shi’ism – insulting amd cursing the Companions of the Messenger of Allāh, in particular Abū Bakr and Umar – may Allāh be pleased with them all), from the sixth (class of narrators)… – Taqrīb of Ibn Hajr #6624.
Ibn Ma’īn said: “He is nothing.” Abū Hātim said: “People are in consensus on abandoning his hadīth, he is gone/wasted in hadīth (one) should not occupy oneself with him.” Al-Nasā’ī said: “He is not trustworthy and his hadīth should not be written down.” Ibn al-Junayd said: “Abandoned (matrūk).” Al-Hākim Abū Ahmad said: “Abandoned (matrūk).” Al-Dāraqutnī said: “Abandoned (matrūk).” Al-Jawzajānī said: “A liar, fallen (i.e. not suitable to be used for proof nor consideration).” Ibn Hibbān said: “The clarity of lying in him is more apparent than requiring exaggeration in describing him.” Al-Hākim Abū ‘Abd Allāh said: “He narrated from Sālih fabricated hadīths.” ((Jāmi’ Likutub al-Du’afā wal-Matrukīn wal-Kādhibīn #11619)
Abū Sālih
Al-Nasā’ī said: “(he is) not thiqah (trustworthy and reliable)”. Ibn Hibbān said: “(he is) Very objectionable in hadīth” (munkar al-hadīth jiddan).” Ziyād ibn Ayyūb said: “Ahmad ibn Hanbal, may Allāh have mercy on him, forbade me from narrating the hadīth of ʿAbdullāh ibn Sālih.” Ahmad said: “He was coherent at first, then became corrupt later (in life), and he is nothing.” Ibn al-Madīnī said: “I struck through (i.e. crossed out) his hadīth and I do not narrate anything from him.” Abū ʿAlī Sālih ibn Muhammad al-Hāfidh said: “The scribe of al-Layth (i.e. Abū Sālih) used to lie.” (Jāmi’ Likutub al-Du’afā wal-Matrukīn wal-Kādhibīn 9/222-234)
Hāfidh ibn Hajr said: “And those who have no expertise in the science of hadīth have unanimously asserted that this was the reason for revelation despite the weakness in its chain of transmission and they have no awareness of that. Rather, it almost became definitively established due to the large number of exegetes and others who transmit it.” (al-‘Ujāb 1/446)
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